On learning as by-product
“Dialogue like nirvana, like happiness, like love, like learning cannot be achieved by the direct desire to have a dialogue, to have nirvana, to have happiness, to have love, to have learning. In this sense, a dialogue, nirvana, happiness, and learning (and teaching) are not goal-directed activities. They cannot be designed… However, on the other hand, certain actions can increase possibility for engaging in dialogue, experiencing nirvana, love, learning and teaching. Similarly, some circumstances make dialogue, nirvana, love, learning, teaching more difficult, although never impossible. Thus, activity and design be used for promoting these phenomena as their by-products.”
Eugene Matusov (2009) in Journey into Dialogic Pedagogy